PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY: A REVIEW OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY, AND MANAGEMENT OPTIONS

Abstract

Background: Peripheral neuropathy is a prevalent neurological condition characterized by damage to the peripheral nerves, resulting in various sensory, motor, and autonomic symptoms. Understanding its pathophysiology and management options is crucial for effective patient care.
Pathophysiology: Peripheral neuropathy can arise from diverse etiologies, including metabolic disorders, autoimmune diseases, infections, toxins, and genetic predisposition. These factors lead to nerve damage, axonal degeneration, and neurotransmitter dysfunction, contributing to the development of neuropathic pain and other symptoms.
Observation & Analysis: Epidemiological data reveal a significant prevalence of peripheral neuropathy, with diabetes mellitus, alcohol abuse, and autoimmune diseases being common risk factors. Management strategies encompass treating the underlying cause, providing symptomatic relief with medications, physical therapy, lifestyle modifications, and complementary therapies.
Conclusion: Peripheral neuropathy poses a substantial healthcare burden, necessitating proactive prevention and personalized treatment approaches. Comprehensive understanding of its pathophysiology and management options is essential for optimizing patient outcomes and enhancing their quality of life. Collaborative efforts in research, education, and clinical practice are warranted to address the multifaceted nature of this debilitating neurological disorder.