PREPARATION OF MOUTHWASH USING RUBIA CORDIFOLIA MEDIATED ZINC OXIDE NANOPARTICLE AND ASSESSING ITS ANTIMICROBIAL AND CYTOTOXIC EFFECTS

Abstract

Aim: The aim of this study is to prepare a mouthwash formulation using Rubia cordifolia-mediated zinc oxide nanoparticles and investigate its antimicrobial activity and cytotoxic effects.

Introduction: Oral hygiene plays a crucial role in maintaining overall health. Mouthwashes are commonly used as adjuncts to regular oral hygiene practices, providing an additional antimicrobial effect.The use of plant mediated synthesis of nanoparticles offers a sustainable and eco-friendly  approach, utilizing the phytochemicals present in plants as reducing and stabilizing agents. Rubia cordifolia commonly known as Indian madder or Manjistha, is a medicinal plant widely used in traditional medicine systems for its diverse therapeutic properties. It contains bioactives, such as flavonoids, tannins, and anthraquinones.

Materials and Methods: Rubia cordifolia is powdered and it is used in extract preparation using ethanol as solvent, along with zinc nitrate solution and distilled water. Further mouthwash is prepared along with excipients and stabilizer.

Results: Rubia cordifolia and zinc oxide mediated nanoparticles have good antimicrobial activity and potent cytotoxic effect against oral microbes.

Discussion: The mouthwash showed a slight reduction in cell viability in the cytotoxicity assay on human oral epithelial cells. This finding suggests the need for further investigations to assess the safety and potential adverse effects of the mouthwash on oral tissues.

Conclusion: The mouthwash formulated using Rubia cordifolia mediated zinc oxide nanoparticles exhibited significant antimicrobial activity against oral pathogens while maintaining good biocompatibility with nauplii cells.