EFFECT OF PRAVASTATIN ON ARTERIOLE DIAMETER, GLOMERULAR AREA, INFLAMMATORY CELL NUMBER AND EPITHELIAL CELL NECROSIS IN MOUSE KIDNEYS WISTAR STRAIN (RATTUS NOVERGICUS) MODEL OF PREECLAMPSIA
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Abstract
Background: Preeclampsia is a hypertensive state in pregnancy (systolic > 140 mmHg and diastolic > 90 mmHg) and occurs at > 20 weeks' gestation. Preeclampsia is a disease that begins with dysfunction between the placenta and the mother, causing oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, hypoxia and systemic inflammatory responses that affect various systems and organs, one of which is the kidneys. The kidneys will experience decreased function due to angiogenic imbalance resulting in vascular vasoconstriction which results in a decrease in Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) causing a decrease in impaired glomerular perfusion and causing cell hypoxia thus triggering maternal oxidative stress increasing Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) resulting in inflammation of the kidney organs. Pravastatin has pleiotropic abilities that can be anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-apoptotic in preeclampsia conditions
Purpose of the study: Knowing the effect of pravastatin administration on kidney repair in preeclampsia rats.
Subjects and Methods: Post-test group only experimental study using kidney tissue model of preeclampsia rats Rattus norvegicus (exposed to L-NAME) and given pravastatin at various doses (2 mg, 4 mg, and 8 mg).
Outcomes: The results of One Way Anova test on glomerular area, arteriole diameter and number of inflammatory cells (lymphocytes and monocytes) in five study groups had a p-value of < 0.05 (0.000, 0.000, 0.000). The correlation test of pravastatin dose to glomerular area variables with pravastatin dose was (p-value 0.000; r = -0.819), arteriole diameter (p-value 0.000; r = 0.904), the number of inflammatory cells was (p-value 0.001; r = -687) and epithelial cell necrosis proximal tubule (p-value 0.000, r= -0.668).
Conclusion: Pravastatin can increase arteriole diameter, decrease glomerular area and decrease the number of inflammatory cells (lymphocytes and monocytes) and decrease the number of epithelial cells that undergo necrosis in kidney tissue model of preeclampsia wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus).