GENOTYPING OF HUMAN PAPILLOMA VIRUS PATIENTS WITH CUTANEOUS, PLANTER AND GENITAL WARTS IN ANBAR PROVINCE-IRAQ

Abstract

Abstract:

Background: Infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) causes skin warts (common, flat, plantar) and genital warts as well as urogenital cancer. Identifying the most common types of HPV in different types of warts can help determine treatment, predict outcomes, establish vaccination schedules, and monitor for cancer prevention.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes in patients with skin, planter and genital warts in Anbar province, western Iraq

Patients and methods: Biopsies from 150 volunteers (79 males, 71 females) with an mean age of 22.59 years were taken and tested for HPV using PCR. Positive samples were subjected to further analysis to identify low, moderate and high risk HPV types using a new PCR method and DNA sequencing. The sequencing results were analyzed using the DNASTAR package.

Results: Most warts had a single HPV type (81.34%), 13.3% of the wart smears were HPV-negative. Common warts associated with HPV-1, 3, 4 and 65. Flat warts associated with HPV-1, 3 and 10. Plantar warts associated with HPV-2, with several types frequently showing HPV-1 and 2. Genital warts mostly showed a single type, especially HPV-6 and 11. Of note, HPV-16 and 18 were not detected in any of the samples. Common warts were evenly distributed across the age groups (in contrast to previous studies). The most common HPV types varied by age group in both common and flat warts. Genital warts in younger age groups (<= 17) frequently had HPV-11, while plantar warts contained HPV-2 and 77. Plantar warts in older age groups (18-28, 29+) frequently had HPV-2, 94 and 117. Several HPV types were observed in all age groups.HPV-11 most common in genital warts in females.HPV-2, 77, 94 and 117 most common in plantar warts in females. HPV-11 most common in genital warts in males.HPV-2 most common in plantar warts in males. Various combinations of HPV types have been observed in both sexes for warts with multiple types.

Conclusions: HPV-16,18 and 51 as well as other high-risk HPVs were not present in any of the samples. Common warts are often associated with HPV-1, 3, 4 and 65, while flat warts are usually caused by HPV-1, 3 and 10. Plantar warts are commonly associated with HPV-2, occasionally in combination with HPV-1, and genital warts are commonly caused by HPV-6 and 11.