SEIZURE DISORDERS: BRIDGING THE GAP BETWEEN CLINICAL PRESENTATION AND IMAGING FINDINGS

Abstract

Seizure disorders are neurological conditions characterized by abnormal electrical activity in the brain, manifesting in a variety of clinical presentations. While clinical evaluation remains paramount in diagnosis and management, neuroimaging techniques play a crucial role in elucidating underlying pathophysiological mechanisms, localizing seizure foci, and guiding therapeutic interventions. This paper reviews the current understanding of seizure disorders, emphasizing the integration of clinical assessment with neuroimaging findings. We discuss the diverse clinical manifestations of seizures, ranging from focal to generalized, and explore the utility of imaging modalities such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT), and electroencephalography (EEG). Special attention is given to the challenges and limitations encountered in imaging interpretation, including the identification of subtle abnormalities and differentiation of epileptogenic lesions from incidental findings. Additionally, we examine emerging imaging techniques and advancements in seizure localization, paving the way for personalized treatment approaches. By bridging the clinical and imaging domains, clinicians can enhance diagnostic accuracy, optimize therapeutic strategies, and improve outcomes for patients with seizure disorders.