UNDERSTANDING THE INTRICACIES OF DYSTONIA IN TRANSVERSE MYELITIS: A GENERAL MEDICINE APPROACH

Abstract

Abstract

Within the spectrum of movement disorders, dystonia holds a significant position, characterized by abnormal muscle contractions resulting in repetitive or twisting movements and abnormal postures. Traditionally associated with dysfunction in the basal ganglia, recent observations have noted an uptick in dystonia cases occurring alongside spinal cord pathologies. This phenomenon is particularly intriguing given the diverse etiologies of spinal cord disorders and their potential interplay with motor control circuits. Our focus narrows to patients in India who presented with a unique clinical scenario: the onset of extremity dystonia occurring shortly after being diagnosed with transverse myelitis. Transverse myelitis, an inflammatory condition affecting the spinal cord, is known to disrupt the transmission of nerve signals, leading to a range of neurological symptoms. While various spinal cord pathologies can manifest as spinal dystonia, demyelinating diseases such as transverse myelitis stand out as significant contributors. Despite the growing recognition of spinal dystonia, particularly in association with transverse myelitis, documented cases remain scarce in the medical literature. This scarcity underscores the importance of reporting individual instances, shedding light on the clinical manifestations and potential mechanisms underlying this intriguing association. In this article, we delve into a detailed examination of a specific case involving an adolescent female, offering insights into the complex interplay between transverse myelitis and spinal dystonia.