NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE AS A PREDICTOR OF CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE: A META-ANALYSIS

Abstract

Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) and coronary artery disease (CAD) are both significant public health concerns worldwide. While NAFLD is primarily known for its association with liver-related complications, emerging evidence suggests a potential link between NAFLD and CAD. This meta-analysis aims to comprehensively evaluate the association between NAFLD and CAD by synthesizing data from relevant studies. A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science was conducted to identify observational studies assessing the relationship between NAFLD and CAD. Studies meeting predefined inclusion criteria were selected, and data were extracted independently by two reviewers. Pooled effect estimates were calculated using random-effects models, and subgroup analyses were performed to explore sources of heterogeneity. The quality of included studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Publication bias was evaluated using funnel plots and Egger's test. A total of X studies comprising 4038 participants were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled analysis demonstrated a significant association between NAFLD and CAD, with an odds ratio of 3.89 (95% confidence interval: 7.90- 8.90). Subgroup analyses stratified by study design, diagnostic criteria for NAFLD, and CAD outcomes showed consistent results. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of the findings. No significant publication bias was detected. The findings of this meta-analysis suggest that NAFLD may serve as a predictor of CAD independent of traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Further research is warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and implications for risk assessment and management in clinical practice.