EFFECTIVENESS OF REFERRAL PROTOCOLS IN IMPROVING OBSTETRIC AND NEONATAL EMERGENCY CARE IN TERTIARY HOSPITALS

Abstract

Background: Referral protocols are crucial for the timely and effective management of obstetric and neonatal emergencies. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of referral protocols in improving maternal and neonatal outcomes in a tertiary hospital setting.

Methods: This study is a one-year prospective observational study of 120 referred obstetric and neonatal emergencies and assessed the pre-referral stabilizing measures adopted in relation to clinical outcomes according to the adoption of the standard referral protocol with timeliness.

Results: Referral protocol adherence was observed in 72% of cases, with significantly better outcomes, including reduced maternal and neonatal morbidity (p < 0.01). Cases with protocol adherence had fewer delays, better pre-referral stabilization, and lower rates of complications such as postpartum hemorrhage, sepsis, and neonatal asphyxia.

Conclusion: Obstetric and neonatal emergencies improve in quality through adherence to structured referral protocols. Provider training needs to be improved, and standardized referral practices developed to reduce morbidity and mortality that is avoidable.