ANESTHETIC MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA: STRATEGIES FOR OPTIMIZATION AND RISK REDUCTION

Abstract

ABSTRACT

 Patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) pose unique challenges during anesthesia due to their heightened susceptibility to respiratory complications induced by sedative and anesthetic agents, which can disrupt respiratory control and precipitate upper airway collapse. These challenges are compounded in cases where fixed anatomic obstructions obstruct the upper airway. Herein, we present a case study involving OSAS patients scheduled for general anesthesia for nasal polypectomy and correction of a deviated septum. Preoperative assessment revealed multiple risk factors associated with difficult intubation and ventilation, including nasal obstruction, maxillofacial anomalies (e.g., micrognathia), limited temporomandibular joint mobility, and obesity. An individualized airway management strategy, informed by established protocols, was devised and effectively implemented. This approach included fiberoptic-guided intubation facilitated through a laryngeal mask airway, demonstrating a tailored management plan for OSAS patients with concomitant conditions that compromise upper airway patency.