EFFECT REMDESIVIR ON PREGNANT RATS AND THEIR FETUSES AND THE PROTECTIVE ROLE OF ARTEMISIA SIEBERI.
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Abstract
Background: At the beginning of October 2020, a treatment for Covid-19, Remdesivir, was approved, which showed a high recovery rate.
Objective: To evaluate effect remdesivir on liver, kidney of pregnant rats and ability to cause phenotypic abnormalities in their fetuses and protective role of Artemisia sieberi.
Materials and Methods: 28 pregnant white rats, divided into 4 groups (Materials were given in day to day, from 5-19 of pregnancy).1st group: treated with distilled water ,2nd group: treated with remdesivir (5 mg/kg) ,3rd group: treatment with aqueous extract of A. sieberi leaves (200 mg/kg),4th group: treated with remdesivir (5 mg/kg) and aqueous extract of A. sieberi leaves (200 mg/kg). Animals were sacrificed 24 h after the last treated. Biochemical parameters like AST, ALT, ALP, urea and creatinine, histopathologic changes of liver and kidney were studied and embryos were extracted and examined.
Results: Giving remdesivir led to increase in levels of ALT, AST, ALP, urea and creatinine, In 3rd group there was a slight decrease in levels of ALT, AST, ALP, creatinine and urea. In 4th group, A.sieberi reduced levels of ALT, AST, ALP, urea, and creatinine, but they were still higher compared to the control group .Histological changes in 2nd group in liver were represented by congestion central vessel, bleeding, degeneration , infiltration of inflammatory cells, and necrosis .In kidneys, bleeding, infiltration, and glomerular atrophy with necrosis and shedding of lining of renal tubules. 3rd group, liver and kidneys tissue sections did not show significant changes. 4th group, A.sieberi decreased hepatic and renal necrosis induced by remdesivir. The embryos were malformed in 2nd group, while they were healthy in the remaining groups.
Conclusions: A.sieberi extract played a protective role in protecting liver and kidneys from effects of remdesivir.