THE ROLE OF LIVER TRANSPLANTATION IN THE MANAGEMENT OF CIRRHOSIS AND HEPATIC FAILURE

Abstract

Introduction: The introduction delineates the pathophysiology of cirrhosis and hepatic failure, underlining the imperative for LT as the ultimate recourse for patients facing irreversible hepatic decompensation. Objectives revolve around evaluating indications for LT, elucidating surgical innovations, navigating immunosuppressive regimens, and examining post-transplant outcomes and prognosis.
Cirrhosis and Hepatic Failure: Chronic liver damage from viral hepatitis and alcohol abuse can induce cirrhosis and hepatic failure. They have liver dysfunction, fibrosis, jaundice, and hepatic encephalopathy. Clinical examination and imaging determine diagnosis, and treatment addresses the underlying disease and consequences. End-stage disease may require liver transplantation. These disorders need research to improve diagnosis and therapy.
Result & Discussion: Results showcase that LT is effective in extending patient survival, improving graft function, and enhancing quality of life. The transplantation landscape witnesses innovations spanning from living donor LT to robotic-assisted surgeries, expanding the donor pool and refining surgical precision. However, challenges persist in donor organ allocation, immunological complications, and long-term post-transplant care, warranting ongoing refinement of transplant protocols and strategies.
Conclusion: LT emerges as a cornerstone in the management of cirrhosis and hepatic failure, offering a ray of hope for individuals grappling with end-stage liver diseases. However, optimal outcomes hinge on meticulous patient selection, judicious surgical techniques, tailored immunosuppressive strategies, and comprehensive post-transplant care. The evolving landscape of LT underscores the need for continued research, innovation, and collaboration to surmount challenges and improve patient outcomes in this dynamic field.