SYNTHESIS OF Ag@Cu3(PO4)2 -g-C3N4 FOR ELECTROCHEMICAL BIOSENSING OF BOVINE SERUM ALBUMIN
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Electrochemical biosensing is essential for identifying and measuring biomolecules. Proteins, such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), are particularly interesting among these biomolecules due to their importance in a variety of biological processes like their potential as biomarkers for different diseases,etc.
The superior conductivity and catalytic qualities of the Ag NPs make them the perfect choice for increasing the electrochemical response by providing a conductive substrate for electron transfer. Due to their porous structure and distinctive electrical properties, the Cu3(PO4)2 have garnered a lot of attention and aid in the immobilization and identification of BSA molecules.The C3N4 matrix, also known as carbon nitride, acts as a protective layer and improves the overall stability and selectivity of the biosensing platform thanks to its exceptional stability and biocompatibility. It can be used in a variety of applications, including fluorescent probes, electrochemical sensors, FETs, etc.
AIM: The aim of this study is to develop and characterize a novel Ag@Cu₃(PO₄)₂–g-C₃N₄ nanocomposite for electrochemical biosensing of bovine serum albumin (BSA).
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Synthesis of Ag@Cu₃(PO₄)₂–g-C₃N₄ Nanocomposite: The Ag@Cu₃(PO₄)₂–g-C₃N₄ nanocomposite is synthesized through a suitable method, such as a one-pot hydrothermal or co-precipitation process. The Ag nanoparticles are incorporated into the Cu₃(PO₄)₂ matrix, which is further combined with C₃N₄ to form the final nanocomposite.
RESULTS: XRD pattern typically exhibits characteristic peaks that correspond to the arrangement of atoms within the crystal lattice. EDS analysis shows that Ag@Cu₃(PO₄)₂–gC₃N₄ consists a composition ( 37.62 % - carbon, 23.03% - nitrogen, 31.94% - oxygen, 1.93% - phosphorous and 5.48% - copper) of various components. The Fluorescence intensity shows the degree of quantification of Bovine serum albumin by the electrochemical biosensor. At a BSA concentration of (1.0, 0.8, 0.6, 0.4 and 0.2) the corresponding fluorescence intensity values are (3500 nm, 2900 nm, 2250 nm, 1750 nm and 800 nm).
CONCLUSION: The composite material demonstrates positive results even at low concentrations of BSA, indicating its effectiveness for detecting and quantifying BSA in various samples. Nevertheless, the research on Ag@Cu₃(PO₄)₂–gC₃N₄ biosensor for BSA
detection provides a foundation for potential forensic applications in various areas of analysis and investigation.